| Individual course details | ||||||||||
| Study programme | Theoretical and experimental physics; Applied physics | |||||||||
| Chosen research area (module) | ||||||||||
| Nature and level of studies | Undergraduate studies | |||||||||
| Name of the course | Waves and optics | |||||||||
| Professor (lectures) | Assoc. Prof. Dr Đorđe Spasojević | |||||||||
| Professor/associate (examples/practical) | Ass. Prof. Dr Savo Galijaš | |||||||||
| Professor/associate (additional) | ||||||||||
| ECTS | 9 | Status (required/elective) | Mandatory | |||||||
| Access requirements | Physical mechanics, Molecular physics and thermodynamics, Mathematics 1 and 2 | |||||||||
| Aims of the course | Adoption of fundamental concepts and laws in the field of waves and optics, and familiarization with more complex phenomena | |||||||||
| Learning outcomes | Students are trained to independently solve basic problems and gain new knowledge about more complex physical phenomena and laws in the field of waves and optics | |||||||||
| Contents of the course | ||||||||||
| Lectures | 1. Free, damped, and forced oscillations of systems with one degree of freedom; resonance. 2. Oscillations of systems with two degrees of freedom; normal modes; resonance; filters; limit to continuous systems. 3. Wave equation in one dimension; transversal oscillations of a wire; standing waves; Fourier analysis. 4. Wave equation in three dimensions; phase velocity; progressive waves; plane waves and plane monochromatic waves. 5. Sound waves; energy and intensity of a sound wave; dispersion relation; group velocity. 6. Maxwell’s equations; electromagnetic waves in vacuum and in non-conducting media; energy of electromagnetic waves (Poynting vector and wave intensity); electromagnetic spectrum. 7. Sources of electromagnetic waves; radiation of an accelerated charge; Larmor’s formula; Hertz experiment. 8. Geometric optics; eikonal approximation; Fermat’s principle; law of reflection and law of refraction; total reflection; lenses and mirrors. 9. Matrix methods in paraxial approximation (formation of image, cardinal elements, thin and thick lenses, and optical systems); optical instruments; lens imperfections. 10. Polarization of light (basic types; partial polarization). 11. Electromagnetic wave at the boundary between two optical media – reflection and refraction; amplitudes and phases of reflected wave and of refracted wave. 12. Superposition of waves; interference of waves; amplitude splitting and wave front splitting; space and time coherence; Young’s experiment; Fresnel’s biprism; Michelson’s interferometer; interference in a slab; Fabry-Perot interferometer. 13. Diffraction of waves (N coherent point sources, thread source); Kirchhoff’s formula and Huygens-Fresnel principle; Fresnel zones; diffraction at a circular aperture. 14. Fraunhofer’s diffraction at a single slit; diffraction grating. 15. Double refraction of light; polarizers; dichroism; optical activity; Faraday’s and Kerr’s effect. | |||||||||
| Examples/ practical classes | Examples; exercises (homework) | |||||||||
| Recommended books | ||||||||||
| 1 | F.S. Crawford, Waves - Berkeley Physics Course - volume 3, McGraw-Hill | |||||||||
| 2 | А.А. Matveev, Optics, Mir publishers, Moscow | |||||||||
| 3 | E. Hecht, Optics, Addison Wesley | |||||||||
| 4 | N.N. Nedeljković, Talasi i optika, skripta (PDF) | |||||||||
| Number of classes (weekly) | ||||||||||
| Lectures | Examples&practicals | Student project | Additional | |||||||
| 4 | 3 | |||||||||
| Teaching and learning methods | Lectures (theory and examples), exercises (homework), consultations. | |||||||||
| Assessment (maximal 100) | ||||||||||
| assesed coursework | mark | examination | mark | |||||||
| coursework | 10 | written examination | 30 | |||||||
| practicals | 10 | oral examination | 40 | |||||||
| papers | ||||||||||
| presentations | 10 | |||||||||